City of Doncaster and Templestowe Heritage Study (1991) Pt10 - Appendices

City of Doncaster and Templestowe Heritage Study (Context Pty Ltd, Peterson R & Stafford B, 1991)

Appendix A: Historic Places on Registers (as at 31st May 1991)

This Appendix lists places already on a government Register or the National Trust Register as at 31st May 1991.
The following abbreviations are used:
HBR - Historic Buildings Register RNE - Register of the National Estate NTC - National Trust Classified (File No.)
NTR - National Trust Recorded (File No.)

  • HOLY TRINITY ANGLICAN CHURCH NTC RNE 792 - 800 Doncaster Road, 2307 Doncaster
  • TRINITY LUTHERAN CHURCH NTC 51 Victoria Street, 5956 Doncaster
  • WARRANDYTE POST OFFICE NTR RNE 111 - 117 Yarra Street, 4776 Warrandyte
  • FRIEDENSRUH NTR RNE HBC 10 Waldau Court 1410 376 Doncaster
  • GLENFERN NTC RNE 10 Amberley Court 1162 Doncaster
  • HEIDEI and II NTC HBC Templestowe Road 4374 687 Bulleen
  • JENKINS HOMESTEAD NTR Formerly Serpell Homestead 4494 23 Hemmingway Avenue Templestowe
  • PLASSEY NTC RNE 891-893 Doncaster Road 2986 Doncaster
  • PONTVILLE NTR 629-657 Blackburn Road 2814 Templestowe
  • SCHRAMM'S COTTAGE NTC Victoria Street 1240 Doncaster
  • SMITH HOUSE NTR Also known as 'Sunnyside Farm' 3373 134-136 Atkinson Street Templestowe
  • SPRINGBANK NTR (Now "Clarendon Eyre") 1099 195 & 199 Bulleen Road Bulleen
  • POUND BEND TUNNEL NTR Pound Bend Reserve 3221 Warrandyte
  • CYPRESS (Cupressus macrocarpa) NTR 
  • The Diary Tree Yarra Street Warrandyte
  • DEODAR CEDAR (Cedrus deodara) NTR
  • "Friedensruh" 10 Waldau Court Doncaster
  • MULBERRY (Moms Nigra) NTR
  • "Friedensruh" 10 Waldau Court Doncaster
  • PYRUS COMMUNIS 'Black Achan Pear' NTC Victoria Street Doncaster
  • RIVER RED GUM (E. camaldulensis) NTR Cnr Bridge St and Manningham Rd Bulleen
  • RTVER RED GUMS: STAND NTR (E. camaldulensis) 7 Fitzsimmons Lane Templestowe
  • RIVER RED GUM (E. camaldulensis) NTR 8 Porter Road Templestowe
  • WARRANDYTE STATE PARK RNE Warrandyte
  • 100 ACRES RNE

Appendix B Places requiring further research

Sites not included in the text which merit research and assessment of their heritage value
  • Sailors Reef mine site, south of Gold Memorial Road, Warrandyte
  • Great Southern mine site, south of Gold Memorial Road, Warrandyte
  • St Philips, 460 Blackburn Road, Doncaster East
  • Formerly on Andersons Creek Road (Deep Creek), this church dates from 1907. It was moved to this site approx. 1981.
  • Manders House, Tills Drive
  • Formerly the home of artist Frank Crozier (Ref. B. Bence)
  • House 61 Old Warrandyte Rd. Donvale (cnr Springvale Road). According to Beatty Beavis built for George Knees' parents pre-WWI.
  • Pipe bridge, Bridge Street, Bulleen
  • Cast iron box girder bridge dating from the 1930s (Ref. I. Green)
  • House, 27 Olivers Rd, Templestowe Weatherboard house.
  • Timber barn, Watties Road, Templestowe Opposite 7 Watties Road.
  • House, Tindals Road, Warrandyte
  • Interwar house of clinker brick with weatherboard extension and weatherboard.
  • Templestowe Common School, rear of 52-54 Serpells Road, Templestowe. A wooden (prefabricated) building moved to this site and used for storage; not known if it still exists.
  • Houses designed and built by Alexa Goyder, Warrandyte
  • Pepnooths (original owner) Brackenbury St Myrtle Houston's house (original owner) off Yarra Street There are thought to be a few buildings remaining that were built by Goyder in the Brackenbury/Mullens Rd area. (Ref. Yvonne Reid).
  • House, mud brick, cl950, Garden Road, Donvale (between 44 and 46), Harry den Har- tog (painter and journalist).
  • House, mud brick, 11 Old Warrandyte Road, Donvale (Maria Fawcett).
  • House designed by Peter & Dione McIntyre, Templestowe (E. A. Kerr) - 1955. Bow string arch roof. Architecture in Australia. June 1990, p.48.
  • Miners Cottage, Webb Street, Warrandyte (opposite Tunnel Street). Not located during study.
  • House (orchards), - built for Jim Bullock cl895. Old Warrandyte Road - located on top of hill before creek , west side of Mullum-Mullum Creek past sharp bend on left. Set back from road behind trees.
  • Eucalypts, group of trees near School Hall adjacent Koonung Creek.
  • Pines, opposite Doncaster High School in Manningham Road.
  • Garden, adjacent to Yarra River, on Atkinson Street; apparently associated with Edna Walling and referred to in Ann Latreille’s text on Ellis Stones.
  • Eucalypts (Red Gums), comer Foote and High Streets; group of ten trees.
  • Warrandyte township: this study identifies a number of the heritage assets of the township and proposes their protection. Further investigation of the township, and a more detailed consideration of the planning requirements essential to retaining the town's character would be worthwhile, especially once the Eltham Heritage Study has been completed. This would enable consideration of the township as a whole.
  • House & garden, 131 High Street, Doncaster. This villa garden was identified in 1981 as being significant; regrettably it was overlooked in this study, and should be considered for heritage protection in the near future.
The following places are identified in the study as possibly benefiting from further investigation
  • Common or Denominational school
  • Moved to 52-54 Serpells Rd; does the building still exist?
  • Ringwood North Primary School No 4120 (215.10)
  • History; date.
  • St Anne's Chapel (195.14)
  • Investigate the number of buildings remaining from Camp Pell.
  • Sheds (Australian Slate Co.), 402 Doncaster Rd. Balwyn North (212.2); research history; compare to other similar establishments.
  • Gun Factory, Hutchinson Ave. Warrandyte (155.26)
  • Internal inspection required.
  • Blacksmiths building (mobile), Tills Drive, Warrandyte (155.47) Requires further research, dating and comparison.
  • "Treetop" (173.43), Research date and architect.
  • House, 1 Eastaway Avenue, Donvale (214.04)
  • 182
  • Requires further research and detailed inspection of building.
  • Topics worth researching
  • Houses associated with post-war migration in the Bulleen and Templestowe areas.

Appendix C List of Natural Environment Studies

  • Warrandvte Townscape Improvement Report. Whitford & Peck Pty Ltd. - Architects & Allan Wyatt Pty Ltd. - Landscape Architects, July 1989.
  • Warrandvte & Park Orchards Zoning Study Progress Report. Prepared for the City of Doncaster and Templestowe by Strategic Planning Unit, May 1989.
  • City of Doncaster and Templestowe, Warrandvte/Park Orchards Zoning Study. Prepared by Dr Dezso Benko, March 1988.
  • Survey of a Templestowe Residential Area near the Yarra River. March 1987.
  • Albrecht, D., The identification and management of urban bushland remnants in Melbourne’s eastern suburbs, unpublished thesis, Diploma of Applied Science (Horticulture), VCAH, Burnley, Victoria, 1983.
  • Seddon, G., Calder, W., & Parkin, R., Ruffev Creek Reviewed. Centre for Environmental Studies, University of Melbourne, 1974.
  • Scenic Spectrums, The Middle Yarra Valiev Visual Resources Study (Burke Road to Watsons Creek). Ministry for Planning and Environment, Melbourne, 1990?.
  • Studies in Preparation
  • Roadside Environment Studv.Context Pty Ltd., for City of Doncaster and Templestowe.
  • Middle Yarra Concept Plan. (Burke Road to Watsons Creek.), Department of Planning and Housing.
  • City of Doncaster and Templestowe, Warrandvte/Park Orchards Environmental Study. A study of the visual significance of the area east of Mullum Mullum Creek is being undertaken by Council officers in conjunction with a study of the Botanical and Zoological significance east of Mullum Mullum Creek being undertaken by consultants.

Appendix D Historic Places Checklist

SUMMARY CHECKLIST CATEGORIES
1. CONTACT EXPLORATION AND SURVEY
2. EVENTS
3. PEOPLE
4. SETTLEMENTS
5. PRIMARY INDUSTRY
6. SECONDARY INDUSTRY
7. TRADE AND COMMERCE
8. TRANSPORTATION
9. COMMUNICATIONS
10. UTILITY SERVICES
11. COMMUNITY SERVICES
12. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
13. EDUCATION AND CULTURE
14. PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION
15. LABOUR AND WORK
16. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
17. DEFENCE
1.0 Contact, Exploration and Survey
1.1 Early Contact
1.2 Maritime Exploration
1.3 Terrestrial Exploration
1.4 Possession
1.5 Survey
2.0 Events
2.1 Public Proclamation
2.2 Massacre, Riot, Disturbance, Demonstration
2.3 Celebration, Commemoration and Remembrance
2.4 Religious
2.5 Cultural
2.6 Recreational
2.7 Other
3.0 People
3.1 Individuals
3.2 Groups
4.0 Settlements
4.1 Early Settlements
4.2 Unoccupied/Abandoned or Partially Abandoned Settlement
4.3 Aboriginal Settlements and Missions
4.4 Special Purpose Settlements
4.5 Urban Planning/Design
4.6 Service Sites Associated with Settlement
4.7 Temporary Settlement
5.0 Primary Industry
5.1 Primary Productive
5.2 Primary Extractive
6.0 Secondary Industry
6.1 Processing of Primary Productive Products
6.2 Processing of Primary Extractive Products
6.3 Manufacturing Industries
7.0 TRADE AND COMMERCE
7.1 Regulation
7.2 Commerce
8.0 TRANSPORTATION
8.1 Maritime
8.2 Inland Waterways
8.3 Land
8.4 Air
9.0 Communications
9.1 Print
9.2 Postal Services
9.3 Telecommunications
9.4 Other Audio-Visual Media
10.0 UTDLITY SERVICES
10.1 Water 10.2Energy
10.3 Waste
ll.0 Community Services
11.1 Health Facilities
11.2 Welfare
11.3 Support 11.4Emergency
12.0 Public Administration
12.1 Administrative 12.2Legal and Judicial 12.3Correctional
13.0 Education and Culture
13.1 Formal Learning 13.2Arts
13.3 Sciences
14.0 PhiIosophy and Religion
14.1 Schools of Philosophic Thought
14.2 Christianity
14.3 Buddhism
14.4 Islam
14.5 Other
15.0 Labour and Work
15.1 Association
15.2 Organisation 15.3Work
15.4 Unemployment
16.0 Science and Technology
16.1 Science 16.2Technology
17.0Defence
17.1 Army
17.2 Navy
17.3 Airforce 
17.4 Communications 
17.5 Defence Research

Glossary

Terms used in this report: A number of terms used in this report have particular meanings in relation to heritage planning. These terms are explained below to assist readers.
  • Acroterion - Ornament at the apex or ends of a pediment or gable.
  • Adaptation - Adaptation means modifying a place to suit proposed compatible uses1.
  • AHC - Australian Heritage Commission. National body which compiles the Register of the National Estate.
  • Age Small Home - The Small Homes Service of the RVIA in conjunction with the Age newspaper operated between 1947 and 1961. It sold plans of comparatively inexpensive and ingenious, architect-designed houses to the public.
  • Arcade - A series of arches.
  • Archaeology - Archaeology is a discipline or field of study concerned with examining the remains of things our predecessors made and used and the places in which they lived. Archaeology is usually associated with the careful excavation of ancient sites in the Middle East. Archaeology is however applied in Australia to the understanding of Aboriginal history, and to the more recent places created since European colonisation.
  • Architrave - Ornamental moulding around window or door openings, usually in timber and externally sometimes applied in render.
  • Artefact - An object produced by human activity (is often spelt artifact).
  • Arts & Crafts (English) - A style of architecture in England in the 1880s which valued hand- craftsmanship and use of natural materials. Buildings and decoration must show that they are handmade, and not by machines. It was influenced by the writings of John Ruskin. Designers included: Morris & Co., William Morris, Philip Webb, William Lethaby and Norman Shaw.
  • Ashlar - Stone that has been squared and laid in regular courses with fine joints. Render on the external walls of Victorian buildings was often ruled to imitate this, while weatherboards were sometimes similarly imitative.
  • Astylar - Classical facade without columns or pilasters.
  • Asymmetrical - Not reflective about an axis; opposite to symmetrical.
  • 1. Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter Article 1.9).
  • Art Nouveau - A decorative style in architecture around 1900-1910; with asymmetrical, sinuous and organic forms. Externally, it was typically depicted in render, leadlight and wrought iron.
  • Banger slates - Type of slate imported from United States of America.
  • Balustrade - A railing, usually along the edge of a balcony or verandah.
  • Bargeboard - Projecting boards placed against the incline of the gable of a building; sometimes quite ornately decorated.
  • Basilica - Rectangular hall with double colonnade and apse for altar at one (east) end, used by the Romans for law courts and other assemblies and later for the basic Christian church form. Usually with raised central section with clerestory windows, and the main entrance at the opposite (west) end.
  • Batter - To step back or gently slope inward, a wall or embankment. To be smaller at the top than at the bottom.
  • Bay - A principal area or division in the architectural arrangement of a building. The divisions may be marked by fenestration, buttresses or pilasters in elevation; or roof structure in plan.
  • Bay-window - A window forming a recess in a room, projecting outward from a wall. It may be rectangular, semi-polygonal (canted bay-window, q.v.) or semi-circular.
  • Bichromatic brickwork - Exposed brickwork in two colours ranging from cream to dark brown, often in bold designs.
  • Blind - (Tracery or arcading) - Applied to the surface of a wall or closed behind
  • Bluestone (basalt) - A dark, fine-grained igneous rock, usually quarried from Western Victoria and often used for plinths, window and door sills and occasionally for walls.
  • Bracket - A projecting piece of stone, timber or other material, often formed of a scroll or volute to carry, or appear to carry, a projecting weight such as a cornice or eave. In Victorian Italianate architecture, often applied along the eaves-line, or at a verandah post.
  • Breezeblock - Concrete block perforated in a decorative pattern; often used as screen wall in the 1950s and 60s.
  • Breezeway - Open covered way linking two parts of a building; usually in the 1950s to 1970s.
  • Bressummer - A massive beam, sometimes curved, spanning a wide opening, such as a verandah.
  • Bullnose - A profile curved through 90 degrees. Often used for verandah roofs in corrugated iron.
  • Bungalow (Californian) - Architectural style popular for houses of the 1920s and early 1930s. It is characterised by low pitched gable roofs, verandahs with bressumraers supported by masonry pylons, wall-hung timber shingles, random rubble masonry and roughcast cement render.
  • Burra Charter - The Burra Charter is a set of conservation principles prepared by Australia ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites). The formal name of the Burra Charter is The Charter for the conservation of places of cultural significance'.
  • Canted - Angled or cut-off comer, forming polygonal plan. (eg. canted bay-window q.v.).
  • Capital - the topmost member, usually decorated, of a column or pilaster and commonly in the Classical orders such as Doric, Ionic, Composite, Tuscan or Corinthian. It may support an entablature.
  • Capping, Capping piece - The uppermost part, placed on top, continuously, and usually wider.
  • Casement sashes - A window sash, hinged at one side and to swing open usually outwards, sometimes inwards.
  • Cast-iron - An iron-carbon alloy of high carbon content. It is easily poured whilst molten into moulds, but too hard and brittle to be formed by hammering, rolling or pressing.
  • Catenary curve - Curve in the shape of a chain hanging freely from two points.
  • Chain-link wire mesh - Open weave fabric formed of fine gauge wire strands, twisted at their junctions as a diamond pattern.
  • Chevron - A moulding or groove forming a zig-zag decoration. Found in Romanesque buildings particularly.
  • Chinoiserie - European imitation or evocation of Chinese design. It often included repeated geometric patterns. Popular in the eighteenth century and early nineteenth century England and other European countries.
  • Cill - (Refer: Sill).
  • Clerestory - Upper windows above an adjoining roof.
  • Clinker bricks - A hard-burnt red/blue brick with speckled glazed imperfections.
  • Collonette - A small column.
  • Column - A vertical structural member, circular in section. In Classical architecture it consists of a base, shaft and capital (q.v.) and carries an entablature.
  • Compatible use - means a use which involves no change to the culturally significant fabric, changes which are substantially reversible, or changes which require a minimal impact (Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter Article 1.10).
  • Concave - An inward facing curve.
  • Conservation - means all the processes of looking after a place so as to retain its cultural significance. It includes maintenance, and may according to circumstances include preservation, restoration, reconstruction and adaptation and will be commonly a combination of more than one of these (Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter Article 1.4). The aim of conservation is to retain or recover the cultural significance of a place (Burra Charter Article 2). Conservation is based on a respect for the existing fabric and should involve the least possible physical intervention. It should not distort the evidence provided by the fabric (Burra Charter Article 3).
  • Console - An ornamental bracket or corbel in the form of an S curve, in Classical architecture.
  • Convex - An outward facing curve.
  • Corbel - A series of projections, each stepped progressively farther forward with height. A common device on the brickwork of chimneys.
  • Corinthian - The most ornate of the three Greek orders (q.v. capital), characterised by a bellshaped capital with volutes and rows of acanthus leaves.
  • Cornice - Any projecting ornamental moulding finishing along the top of a building or below the eaves. In an interior, the horizontal moulding between walls and ceiling. In Classical architecture, the top, projecting section of an entablature (q.v.). Other styles also have a distinctive type of cornice.
  • Corrugated Iron - Iron sheet covering formed in continuous wave profile to give rigidity.
  • Cove - A large concave moulding; often as a cornice (q.v.).
  • Crenellated - A parapet with alternating indentations. (Originally for defence, and for firing missiles through).
  • Cresting - Decoration along the ridge of a roof. Usually perforated cast - or wrought-iron or terra-cotta.
  • Crimped Wire - Wire formed with regular intermittent undulations.
  • Crockets - Projecting decoration (often foliage) decorating angled edges (eg. of spires, canopies, pew-ends or architraves).
  • Crossbar - The central horizontal or transverse member (eg. of a gate).
  • Cultural Significance - Cultural significance means aesthetic, historic, scientific or social value for past, present or future generations (Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter Article 1.2).
  • Curlicue - A decorative curl or twist.
  • 213
  • Dentils - A band of small, square, tooth like blocks. Usually of a cornice.
  • Door Frame - Two upright members (jambs) and a head (lintel) over the doorway on which to hang the door.
  • Door Furniture - Any functional or decorative fitting for a door, including the hinges, handle, lock and fingerplate.
  • Doric - An order (q.v.) of Classical architecture. It is the plainest order; the capital is a disc.
  • Double-hung sash window - A window with two sashes sliding vertically within the frame.
  • Early English - The first of three phases of the Gothic (q.v.) style in England, until the end of the Thirteenth Century. It is characterised by lancet (slender, pointed arch) windows and stiff-leaf (sculptured foliage) capitals.
  • Earthenware (quarry) - A glazed or non-glazed non-vitreous ceramic, used for paving tiles. Usually coloured either cream or terracotta.
  • Eaves - The part of the roof which overhangs beyond the line of the wall; commonly decorated.
  • Edwardian - A period in architecture named after King Edward VII, who reigned between 1901 and 1910. The term is relevant to architecture between cl890 and 1920. In houses, distinguishing features include use of terracotta roofing tiles, ridge cappings, chimneypots and finials, timber fretwork and turned timber posts to verandahs and gable ends and red brick walls and chimneys. Roof pitches become steeper and plans more complex.
  • Elevation - Two-dimensional graphic representation of a building.
  • Encaustic - Late Victorian flooring tiles which are patterned by baking colours to form the surface of the tile and in geometric shapes.
  • Entablature - In Classical architecture, the upper part of an order, consisting of architecture (q.v.), frieze (q.v.) and cornice (q.v.).
  • Entasis - The very slight swelling on Classical columns to correct the optical illusion of concavity resulting if the sides are straight.
  • Evidence - The evidence - or information - about the past is all around us. The word evidence is used in the guide to refer to the information that can be found about the past by examining the fabric of places, historical sources, and people's recollections and stories.
  • Fabric - Fabric means all the physical material of a place (Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter Article 1.3). For example, the fabric of a garden would include all the plants and trees, garden furniture, paths and edgings, lawns.
  • Face Brickwork - Finely finished brickwork intended to be visible.
  • Fanlight - Originally a fan-shaped window over a door, but now applied to any window in that position, often rectangular.
  • Fascia - A timber member fixed to the end of a roof rafter that usually supports a gutter, often with applied decoration.
  • Fenestration - Arrangement of windows.
  • Finial - A formal ornament, placed at the top.
  • Fleche - A slender spire rising from the ridge of a roof (usually timber).
  • Flush - Two adjacent surfaces placed together on the same plane.
  • Fluting - The vertical grooves of a column shaft.
  • French doors - A pair of doors, each of which often occupies little more than half the width of a normal door and are either half or fully glazed.
  • Fretwork - Decorative perforated and carved timber. (Often bargeboards, valence, brackets & screens).
  • Frieze - Any horizontal band of decoration, but very often on verandahs in cast-iron or timber.
  • GBR - Government Buildings Register. Register of Victorian State Government-owned significant historic buildings, administered by the Historic Buildings Council at the Department of Planning & Housing.
  • Gable - The triangular upper wall at the end of a pitched roof, sometimes with a decorated barge board or roughcast.
  • Galvanizing - Corrosion-resistant coating of zinc applied to steel (earlier, iron) sheet.
  • Gambrel - Roof, generally hip which terminates in small gable at the ridge.
  • Glazing bar - Vertical or horizontal bars within the window sash which hold the panes of glass.
  • Gothic - Architectural style characterised by vertically with pointed arches and windows, buttresses, clerestory windows and roofs vaulted or with exposed timber structure. In England, divided into three phases: Early English, Decorated and Perpendicular.
  • Gunite - Concrete lining sprayed from a high velocity pneumatic gun. Cement Gun Pty Ltd was formed in Australia in 1949.
  • HBR - Historic Buildings Register. Register of privately (ie. non-Victorian State Government) owned significant historic buildings, administered by the Historic Buildings Council at the Department of Planning & Housing.
  • Half-hip (or jerkin) - Roof, generally gable, which terminates in a small hip at the ridge.
  • Half-timbering (or timbering) - Construction in which walls are built of interlocking and exposed vertical and horizontal timbers and the spaces are filled with non-structural walling of roughcast stucco. Often imitated in non-structural members, usually within gables as decoration.
  • Heritage - The word 'heritage' is commonly used to refer to our cultural inheritance from the past, that is the evidence of human activity from Aboriginal settlement through successive periods of European and Asian migration, up to the present day. Strictly speaking ’heritage' can be used to cover natural environment as well.
  • Highlight - Window at high level.
  • Hip - Roof consisting of four sloping planes meeting at a ridge.
  • Hit and miss brickwork - Deletion of alternate bricks to form brick sized openings.
  • Hob - A panel over an opening, below ceiling level.
  • Importance (Architectural and historic) - Term used in the Historic Buildings Act 1981 to mean cultural significance (q.v.).
  • Interpretation - Interpretation is becoming a common word in relation to heritage conservation. It describes a way of communicating meaning and relationships using original artefacts, by first-hand experience and by illustrations.
  • Ionic - An order (q.v.) of Classical architecture. The capital has volutes or scrolls.
  • Italianate - An architectural style derived from the Italian architecture that became common in England in the Nineteenth Century and subsequently in Australia. Commonly uses picturesque forms, the tower, bracketted eaves, arcading and lower pitch roofs.
  • LPS - Local Planning Scheme.
  • Lancet - (Refer: Early English).
  • Leadlight - A window having small panes of clear, coloured and painted glass connected with strips of lead. (Commonly and incorrectly called 'stained glass').
  • Light-pane - One division of a window divided by mullions.
  • Lintel (or Lintol) - A horizontal beam bridging an opening.
  • Lozenge - Diamond shaped panel.
  • Maintenance - Maintenance means the continuous protective care of the fabric, contents and setting of a place. It is distinguished from repair - which involves restoration or reconstruction (Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter Article 1.5). For example, maintenance in relation to roof gutters would include regular inspection and cleaning of gutters.
  • Marseilles tiles - Terracotta tiles which were originally imported from Marseilles, France in the 1880s and were soon made in Australia. They were very common in the Edwardian period. After 1908, they were also available in cement.
  • Material Culture - The artefacts produced by a society.
  • Moulded (and moulding, mould) - A member of construction or decoration, treated to introduce varieties of outline or contour in edges or surfaces, whether on projections or cavities, as on cornices, capitals, bases, door and window jambs and heads.
  • National Estate - The National Estate is defined in the Australian Heritage Commission Act (1975) as 'those places, being components of the natural environment of Australia or the cultural environment of Australia, that have aesthetic, historic, scientific or social significance or other special value for future generations as well as for the present community'.
  • NTA - National Trust of Australia (Victoria).
  • Narthex - The room, in a church, before the nave. (Its entrance foyer.) It may be separated from the nave by columns, rails or a wall.
  • Oculus (window) - A small circular panel or window, common in Edwardian architecture and often with leadlight glazing.
  • Ogee - A double-curved shape with a concave and convex part (S or inverted S). Victorian and Edwardian buildings have ogee spouting.
  • Open work - Decorative panel consisting largely of voids.
  • Order - In Classical architecture, a column with base shaft, capital (q.v.) and entablature (q.v.) decorated and proportioned according to one of the established modes: Doric (q.v.), Ionic (q.v.), Corinthian (q.v.), Tuscan (q.v.) or Composite.
  • Paling - Thin timber close-boarding split or sawn, fixed to a timber frame to form a fence.
  • Panels - A portion of a flat surface raised or recessed in relation to the surroundings and usually set off by a moulding or some other decorative device. Found on Victorian doors in groups of four or six.
  • Parapet - The extension of a wall above what would otherwise be the eaves line. Usually between 500 and 1500mm in height and decorated with ornamentation such as moulded cornices, balustrading, pediments and nameplates.
  • Party wall - A wall common to two buildings of a terrace row.
  • Pediment - An element usually triangular or curved in shape over doors or windows or surmounting a parapet, derived from Greek architecture.
  • Pendant - Element suspended with decorative swollen lower ends. (eg. Pendant bargeboard q.v.).
  • Picket, Picket Heads - Light timber board fixed to timber rails at a regular spacing over a timber plinth and between timber posts. There is a decorative profile formed at the top of each picket.
  • • Pier - A solid masonry support, other than a column.
  • Place - Place means a site, area, building or other work, group of buildings or other works together with associated contents and surroundings (Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter Article 1.1). A place could include a structure, ruin, archaeological site, garden, or landscape modified by human activity.
  • Plinth, Plinth Board - Horizontal masonry base. Timber board placed on edge on the ground beneath pickets or palings, fixed to posts.
  • Polychromatic brickwork - Exposed brickwork in at least three colours ranging from creams to terracotta to dark brown and combined to form bold patterns.
  • Post & Rail - Timber fence consisting of top, intermediate and bottom rails between regularly spaced posts.
  • Prehistory - The study of the human past before written records, as inferred from archaeological evidence or oral history. It should be noted that the term can be somewhat misleading since it can imply that societies which do not have written records have no history.
  • Presentation - Presenting heritage to people involves offering the community access to, and enjoyment of, a range of aspects of our heritage. Heritage can be presented through museum exhibits, open-air displays, site interpretation, history trails, publications.
  • Preservation - Preservation means maintaining the fabric of a place in its existing state and retarding deterioration (Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter Article 1.6).
  • Pylons - Rectangular section, tapering piers flanking an entrance (or verandah).
  • Quatrefoil - Four symmetrical (or circular) leaf shapes inscribed within a circle. (Also trefoil - three shapes; and multi-foil).
  • Quoin - A stone or brick used to reinforce or decoratively distinguish an external comer or edge of a wall from adjacent masonry. In Victorian architecture often non-structurally represented in polychromatic brickwork or raised render.
  • RNE - Register of the National Estate. Administered by the Australian Heritage Commission.
  • Rail - A minor horizontal structural member (eg. of a fence or gate).
  • Rafters - A series of inclined structural timber structural members to which a roof covering is fixed.
  • Reconstruction - Reconstruction means returning a place as nearly as possible to a known earlier state and is distinguished by the introduction of materials (new or old) into the fabric (Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter Article 1.8). Reconstruction is not the same as recreation or conjectural reconstruction - in simple terms creating something that has never existed.
  • Relic - Deposit, object or material evidence of the human past. The term can cause offence to some groups in the community e.g.. Aborigines in that it implies a residue or remnant of a 'dead' culture.
  • Render - A cement or lime trowelled coating, applied to external walls and often fashioned into decorative mouldings.
  • Restoration - Restoration means returning the existing fabric of a place to a known earlier state by removing accretions or by reassembling existing components without the introduction of new material (Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter Article 1.7).
  • Ridge - The uppermost point at which two intersecting planes of a roof meet. Decorative ridging was often used.
  • Rosettes - Circular decoration usually in timber or metal and with a stylised floral motif.
  • Roughcast - External rendering, the top coat of which contains gravel, crushed stone or pebbles.
  • Rustication - The strong emphasis of the joints between squared stone blocks. Often imitated in render.
  • Sash - The moveable panel of a window. Eg. Casement sash, Double-hung sash window (q.v.).
  • Scotia - A deep concave moulding.
  • Section (or cross section) - Graphic representation of an imaginary transverse cut taken (vertically) through a building. A horizontal section is a floor plan.
  • Segmental (head) - Arch formed by a segment of a circle, less than a semi-circle, and often much flatter.
  • Shingles - A flat thin rectangular timber tile as roof cladding or over walls, laid so that each tile overlaps the one below. Common for roofs in the Early Victorian period and in the Edwardian and 1930s period shingled gables and balustrading.
  • Shiplap - Type of lining boards which have rectangular section grooves between.
  • Sidelights - Fixed glass panel flanking a door or window opening. In Victorian and Edwardian buildings, often coloured or leadlight.
  • Significance (Cultural) - Aesthetic (including architectural), historic, scientific or social value for past, present or future generations.
  • Sill - A horizontal timber member at the bottom of the frame of a window or door, on the external face to shed water. A masonry sill projects beyond the plane of the wall, below the timber sill.
  • Site - A particular focus of past human activity, usually (but not exclusively) characterised by physical evidence of this activity.
  • Skillion (or lean-to) - Roof of a single plane.
  • Spandrel - The triangle between the side of an arch, horizontal with its apex and vertical from its springing. Also, the triangle between two arches, in an arcade.
  • Spanish Mission - A domestic style of architecture during the 1920s and 1930s characterised by a vocabulary derived from Californian-Spanish buildings that included hand-tooled render walls, loggias, pantile roofs, wrought-iron decoration and arcaded masonry verandahs.
  • Spindle - Small circular section rod, with turned decoration in the form of round grooves or moulds and with tapered ends.
  • Splay - A slope across the full width of a surface, often at 45 degrees; a large chamfer (c.f. canted).
  • Springing - The lowest point of an arch.
  • Squinch - An arch, or a series of corbelled arches, diagonally across an angle (e.g. the internal angles of a square tower, to support a polygonal or round dome, or spire).
  • State Bank House - House financed, designed and built by the State Savings Bank of Victoria under the Housing and Reclamation Act 1920 for its customers. G. Burridge Leith was the Bank's Chief Architect. They were not produced after 1939.
  • Steel - An alloy of carbon, iron or other metals malleable from ingot. Properties vary according to composition, type of heat treatment and mechanical working, but include strength, hardness, durability, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance. It can be welded and machined.
  • String course - A horizontal band of masonry or render, extending across the facade, usually at floor level, or at the springing point of the windows in a wall. It may project from the wall plane and may be plain or richly ornamentated.
  • Terra-cotta - Unglazed, slow-fired pottery produced from a fine clay, usually of a reddish colour, and used to make wall decorations, chimney pots and roofing tiles. A common material of the Edwardian period.
  • Timbering - (Refer: Half-timbering).


Source: City of Doncaster and Templestowe Heritage Study (Context Pty Ltd, Peterson R & Stafford B, 1991)  Published online with permission of Manningham Council (May2020)

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