Doncaster Templestowe Historical Society: Manningham : from country to city

Timeline 1830s-1990s

This timeline has been compiled from a variety o f sources, including several o f the local histories detailed in the list o f sources consulted.

1830s
1835 On lower reaches o f the Yarra River, John Batman obtains 100,000 acres around Port Phillip from indigenous land-holders and declares this will be the place for a village’.
1836 Because o f the number o f European settlers already moving into the district, the Governor of the Colony o f New South Wales proclaims Port Phillip as a district open to settlement and appoints an administrator.
1837 Robert Hoddle surveys to a limited extent eastward the area between the Yarra River and Koonung Creek and names it the Parish o f Bulleen.
1839 T. H. Nutt undertakes the first survey of the area now occupied by much of the present-day City o f Manningham.
1840s Settlers begin to establish farms in the Bulleen and Templestowe areas.
1840 Imperial Government decrees that any approved person can buy 8 square miles o f Crown land, provided the block is at least 5 miles from a surveyed township.
1841 Population of Melbourne reaches 11,700.
1841 E W. Unwin purchases 5,120 acres between Koonung Creek and Templestowe.
1841 Assistant Protector of Aborigines for the eastern Port Phillip area, William Thomas, directed to keep the Wurundjeri people away from their traditional land which has been obtained in the village o f Heidelberg by white settlers.
1841 T. H. Nutt undertakes a survey o f the Parish of Warrandyte.
1843 W. Darke undertakes a second survey o f the area these days largely occupied by the City o f Manningham.
1844 Most o f Unwins Special Survey sold or leased.
1847 First export to England o f wheat grown in Templestowe.
* First school in the Templestowe-Bulleen district established near the Heidelberg Bridge.
1850s The first orchards in the Doncaster— Templestowe area are planted. New government-surveyed villages are developed at Templestowe and Warrandyte.
1850 Private Wesleyan school opens near/on the corner o f Williamson Road and Rasmussen Drive.
1851 On 6 February, subsequently called ‘Black Thursday’, a bushfire rages unchecked through Warrandyte, Wonga Park, Doncaster and many other areas.
1851 1 July Port Phillip district separated from New South Wales as the Colony of Victoria.
1851 Gold found at Anderson’s Creek, Warrandyte, by Louis Michel and William Habberlin.
1852 Wurundjeri and other neighbouring clans hold a great corroboree at Pound Bend. Henry Foote surveys a township and access roads for Templestowe village.
1853 Crown land in Doncaster East offered for sale.
* Government passes ‘An Act for Making and Improving Roads in the Colony o f Victoria.
1854 David Bell builds the Bulleen or Upper Yarra Hotel on a rise in the river flats opposite the end o f Parker Street, Templestowe.
* Pound Bend, still a portion o f the Aboriginal reserve at the isthmus, now used as a cattle pound.
1855 Warrandyte Cricket Club formed.
c. 1856 Much o f South Warrandyte subdivided.
* Some alluvial gold workings in Anderson’s Creek Gully, Specimen Gully and Whipstick Gully worked out; others continue to be worked in the area up to 1926.
1856 Residents petition the government to form the Templestowe Board.
* A blacksmith opens up shop in Bulleen, at the corner o f Bulleen and Bridge roads.
* Joseph Pickering, in partnership with Thomas Bayley, opens a general store in Doncaster Road.
* Township site for Warrandyte surveyed.
* A large punt across the Yarra River, capable o f carrying livestock as well as human passengers, operates at Warrandyte.
* Inaugural run o f Alfred Ford’s coach from Melbourne to Warrandyte gets bogged in Mullum Mullum Creek.
* First school in Warrandyte opened.
1857 A reef o f gold discovered in Templestowe, near the junction o f Thompsons Road and Feathertop Avenue.
* First post office in Warrandyte opened; Fleming Flewitt appointed first mail deliverer.
* Ewan Hugh Cameron appointed Deputy Registrar of Births and Deaths at Anderson’s Creek on 16 December.
1858 Mining undertaken in Templestowe in the area north o f Feathertop Avenue.
* First church in Doncaster - Lutheran - built.
* A cemetery opened at the corner o f Foote Street and Church Road; James Read becomes the first trustee.
1859 John Smedley builds a blacksmith and wheelwright shop near the corner of Doncaster Road and High Street.
1860s During the 1860s, Templestowe has a population o f300.
1860 Post office opened in Fields Street, near the corner o f Parker and Omar streets; Joseph Pickering appointed local postmaster o f Doncaster.
* Banksia Street Bridge opened.
* Templestowe Post Office opens with J. Field as postmaster.
* A wooden bridge, the first o f two, built across the Yarra at Warrandyte.
1863 Max Schramm’s school at Waldau becomes a comm on school responsible to the Board of Education.
1864 Templestowe Cricket Club formed.
* A small chapel built for the Doncaster Church o f Christ.
* Schramm’s school at Waldau transferred to a new building on Doncaster Road.
c. 1865 A tollgate begins operating in Doncaster Road at the point where it is now joined by Elgar and Tram roads.
1866 Opening service for the new Methodist church, set up at the corner of Doncaster and Blackburn roads.
* The Misses Faulkiner establish a school in the Methodist church, East Doncaster.
1867 First Anglican church in Templestowe built.
* A water-powered, quartz-crushing battery begins operating by the river in
Warrandyte.
1868 Templestowe Hotel built.
1869 Holy Trinity Church of England in Doncaster opened.
* Upper Yarra Railway League formed to persuade ‘somebody’ to build a line
to Lilydale through Heidelberg and Warrandyte.
1870s
1870 Tollgate set up on Templestowe Road at Foote Street intersection.
* First Anglican church in Warrandyte built.
1871 Building o f the Athenasum Hall in Doncaster Road completed.
1873 Victorian Horticultural Society sends a sample o f Victorian fruit to the Vienna Exhibition in Austria.
1874 The two comm on schools closed; a brick state school opened in Anderson Street.
* Doncaster Cricket Club formed.
* Department o f Agriculture formed as a branch of the Lands Department.
1875 Shire o f Bulleen formed.
* First elections in the new Shire of Bulleen.
* Schramm’s Cottage built for Max Schramm on a 20-acre site.
* A second timber bridge built across the Yarra River at Warrandyte.
1877 Government abolishes all tolls; tollgate residences in Doncaster and Templestowe sold off.
1878 Alfred Hummell builds a tower (Beaconsfield Tower) on a site between the present-day Tower and Council streets.
* Deep Creek School (State School No. 2096) opens.
* William Hunter builds a blacksmith shop at the corner o f James and Anderson streets, Templestowe.
* Victoria Market officially opened.
1880s In the 1880s, 274 acres o f market gardens in Doncaster— Templestowe are reduced to 100 acres, and 300 acres o f orchards are increased to 1,500 acres.
1881 Alfred Hummell builds the Tower Hotel beside his tower.
* Trial shipments o f fruit sent to London, India and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).
1882 Railway line extended to Box Hill.
* Thomas Petty, Richard Serpell and Frederick Thiele export pears to England.
* Mechanics’ Institute erected in Templestowe.
1884 New, larger Methodist church completed at the corner o f Blackburn and Doncaster roads, East Doncaster.
1886 New school building for State School No. 197 completed.
* The first public transport to Doncaster - a horse cab - runs from the Tower Hotel to Box Hill.
* Carl Hanke wins a medal and diploma for pears exported to London.
1887 Deep Creek School (State School No. 2096, East Doncaster State School) is moved from the south-west corner o f Anderson’s Creek and Reynolds roads to a 1-acre block on the corner of German Lane (now George Street) and Blackburn Road. The school building is enlarged and opens in February, ready for the beginning o f the school year.
A post office opens in the East Doncaster School with the head teacher acting as postmaster.
1888 New Wesleyan church built in Anderson Street, Templestowe.
Small burial ground around the Lutheran church at Waldau, closed.
* Work commences on route for the first electric tramway.
1889 First electric tramway in the southern hemisphere begins operation, running between Doncaster and Box Hill.
New brick building for the Church of Christ, in Doncaster, completed.
J. B. Davies, one o f Melbourne’s most notorious land boomers, now owns 2,500 acres of land, the whole area today known as Park Orchards.
1890s The Shire ofBulleen splits into two — the Shire o f Templestowe and the Shire o f Doncaster.
1890 Historic homestead Ben Nevis built for George Smith.
Department o f Agriculture becomes a department in its own right.
* Mechanics’ Institute built at Warrandyte.
1891 Shire o f Doncaster formed.
1892 Fruit growers o f the district meet at the Athenaeum Hall and form the Doncaster Fruit Growers Association.
On 25 January, Doncaster and Box Hill Electric Road Co. Ltd. takes over tram service.
New Lutheran Church dedicated on 21 April, with Max Schramm as first resident pastor.
Shire Hall built at the corner o f Council Street and Doncaster Road.
1893 Victorian Government offers orchardists a bonus o f £3 per acre for each new planting.
The 640-acre Square Mile — eventually known as the Eight Hours Pioneer Settlement - opened for selection in the area known today as Wonga Park.
1895 Tower Hill Hotel burns down.
Wonga Park School (then named East Warrandyte School No. 3241) opens.
1896 Last trip o f the electric tram takes place on 6 January.
Wonga Park’s first mail depot established in Homestead Road.
A 2-inch main for the domestic water needs o f Doncaster laid from Surrey Hills Reservoir.
1897 Athenaeum Hall remodelled and enlarged.
Fred Thiele produces a late cling-stone peach known as Thiele’s Cling.
1898 Warrandyte East School renamed Wonga Park School.
1900s In this decade to 1910, orchards in the district grow from 3,800 acres (1,500 hectares) to 6,500 acres (2,600 hectares).
1902 Tom Petty purchases 559 acres in the present-day Park Orchards area with a plan to plant fruit trees.
Parsons Gully School opens.
1903 William Barak (or Barak) dies at Coranderrk.
Doncaster Fruit Growers’ Co-operative Company formed for the purpose of aiding the export of their fruit by purchasing refrigeration space on overseas steamers.
1904 Edwin Lawford builds the first privately owned cool store on his property in Williamsons Road.
1907 South Warrandyte State School building transported from Little Yarra Junction.
* St Gerard’s Catholic Church built in Warrandyte.
Doncaster connected to Melbourne telephone network.
1908 Wonga Park Hall and Mechanics’ Institute built in Launders Avenue.
Railway Standing Committee investigates proposal to run a line from Victoria Park through North Kew and Bulleen to Warrandyte, but project shelved when shown to be a great financial loss-maker.
1910s
1911 West Doncaster Cooperative Cool Store built on the corner o f Doncaster Road and Beaconsfield Street.
* Doncaster Progress Association formed.
* Fire destroys Wonga Park School.
1912 Telephone exchange installed at Templestowe Post Office.
* Re-built Wonga Park School opened.
1913 First electric street light, supplied with power from cool store generator, lit in Doncaster Road, just outside West Doncaster Cool Store.
1914 With outbreak o f the Great War, German-sounding street names changed.
* Alfred Hummell’s tower demolished for safety reasons.
Doncaster’s largest cool store built in Doncaster Road, East Doncaster, where today a Safeway supermarket stands.
1915 The Shires o f Templestowe and Doncaster reunite.
Orchardists using Government Cool Store form co-operative and purchase the facility from government, changing its name to Central Cool Store.
1916 On 9 February, first electricity supply to Doncaster switched on.
c. 1918 David and Thomas Elder establish an orchard in Wonga Park from which Packham’s Triumph pear trees survive in 2001.
1918 Orchardists and Fruit C ool Stores Association formed.
1919 Templestowe C ool Stores built.
* Public phone installed at Doncaster Post Office.
1920s The production o f fruit grown in Doncaster's orchards reaches its peak in the 1920s.
1920 Subdivision into 5-, 10- and 20-acre blocks, o f the Brushy Park Estate, Wonga Park, is listed at Croydon.
1921 Granite pillars added to the front entrance of Athenaeum Hall as a memorial to the fallen in the Great War.
* Donvale C ool Store built.
1922 Electricity comes to Templestowe district.
* Memorial Hall in Templestowe officially opened by Premier o f Victoria.
* Melbourne Metropolitan Board o f Works connects houses in Doncaster to reticulated water supply.
1923 One-room school started in Oban Road to service Park Orchards area.
* St Mark’s Anglican Church, Yarra Road, Wonga Park, is dedicated.
* Miners at the Caledonia Mine working on the tribute obtain last significant gold from this locality.
1924 Box Hill G olf Club leases Tullamore and lays out an eighteen-hole golf course on the property, which is opened by Stanley Bruce as the Eastern G olf Club.
1925 Reliable bus service between Melbourne and Doncaster, run by A. Withers, begins operation. (Withers and Son’s Warrandyte-Melbourne bus service, owned by Withers on and off for the next eighteen years, becomes Warrandyte Transport Service Pty Ltd in 1943.)
Crushing components o f Warrandyte’s Government Battery sent to Department o f Mines store, where battery is dismantled but the water-wheel operates as tourist attraction for the best part o f a decade.
1926 Municipality renamed the Shire o f Doncaster and Templestowe.
* Park Orchards Country Club Estate launched by Australis Sharp and John Taylor.
1928 Park Orchards Country Club Estate clubhouse completed.
* Union Christian Church opens in Yarra Road, Wonga Park.
* Warrandyte Mechanics’ Institute Hall completed.
1930s A. E. White rents Serpell's Store on the corner o f Doncaster and Williamsons roads. The store becomes known as ‘Whites Corner Store\
1930 John and Sunday Reed buy 11 acres near the Banksia Street Bridge.
1932 Holy Trinity Church o f England consecrated.
Doncaster growers form Southern Victorian Pear Packing Pty Ltd, to organise and standardise the export o f pears and apples to the United Kingdom and Europe. Name later changed to Blue M oon Fruit Co-operative Limited.
1934 In November, huge rainfall over three days in the Yarra catchment areas causes serious flooding in the district.
1935 Electric power comes to Warrandyte.
* Gold Memorial Cairn, marking site o f first payable goldfield, unveiled in Gold Memorial Road, Warrandyte.
1937 Doncaster’s largest cool store, the Orchardists’ C ool Store, destroyed by fire.
* Glen Iris Brick Works built on Templestowe Road.
* Baby Health Centre established (part-time) in Warrandyte by Dr Wilfred Kent Hughes and Sister Olive Houghton.
1937-38 Worrall, a modernist house with flat roof, designed by Percy H. Meldrum, is built at 4 Cat Jump Road, Donvale.
1938 Volunteer fire brigade formally established at Warrandyte.
1939 On Friday 13 January, ‘Black Friday’, bushfires rage through the Warrandyte district.
* Spear’s Templestowe Brick Works built on Bulleen Road.
1940s By about 1945-1950, it was clear that migration and a rise in the birth rate were lifting the population level at a rate never before experienced in this country.
1940 Local Wonga Park men form a bushfire brigade.
1943 Warrandyte Transport Service Pty Ltd acquires all bus services in the municipality.
c. 1944 Pasquale Colella purchases and enlarges former Elder Orchard in Wonga Park.
1944 Warrandyte Fire Station built.
1946 Infant Welfare Centre built in Yarra Street, Warrandyte.
1947 New cricket ground, the Deep Creek Reserve, established near junction of Anderson’s Creek and Warrandyte Road.
* Warrandyte branch of Country Women’s Association formed.
* Eastern Metropolitan Fruit Growers Association formed.
1948 Orchardists’ C ool Store destroyed by fire again.
* Glen Iris Brick Company sets up business.
1948-49 Clifford Park (part o f Yarra Brae property in Wonga Park) becomes site of large Pan-Pacific Scout Jamboree.
1949 South Warrandyte Fire Brigade registered.
1950s The return to prosperity afier World War II brings land speculators to the Doncaster and Templestowe area. Between 1950 and 1960, the population rises from 4,500 to 16,500.
1951 Park Orchards Country Club Estate up for sale.
Templestowe Hillclimb, Blackburn Road, Templestowe, established.
1952 Suburb o f Bulleen so named.
* Infant Welfare Centre built in George Street, Doncaster East.
1955 Timber bridge, built across the Yarra at Warrandyte in the 1870s, replaced.
1955-56 Second Pan-Pacific Scout Jamboree held at Clifford Park (part o f Yarra Brae property in Wonga Park).
1956 New Presbyterian church built in Atkinson Street.
New municipal offices for the City o f Doncaster and Templestowe ready for occupation. Council moves in from its former offices in the Shire Hall.
1957 Final service held in the old Church o f Christ building; new building officially opened.
* Infant Welfare Centre erected in Templestowe.
1959 Park Orchards Post Office opened.
* St Peter’s and St Paul’s Catholic church built in Doncaster East.
* Warrandyte Water Works Trust constituted to provide to the town a reticulated supply drawn from the river.
1960s From 1960 to 1970, the population o f Doncaster - Templestowe grows from 15,000 to 64,000 and the orchards reduce to 2,000 acres (810 hectares).
The cool stores close down.
1960s Last surviving blacksmith business in Doncaster closes.
* Older-style cool stores begin closing down.
* Population growth in Doncaster makes it one o f highest domestic consumers of electricity in Victoria.
* At end o f 1960s, Serpell’s Store (White’s Corner Store) sold to Westfield Corporation for the development o f what is now Doncaster Shoppingtown.
M eg Henderson designs and builds house in Greenslopes Drive, followed by house next door in Fran Court.
1961 Larger hall for expanding congregation o f Methodist church opens.
* Primary school opens in Park Orchards.
* St Clement’s Catholic Church built in Bulleen.
* Mobile library service begins providing books at many sites around shire.
1961-62 Seventh World Rover M oot - first held in southern hemisphere - staged at
Clifford Park (part o f Yarra Brae property in Wonga Park).
* New bridge opened over the Yarra at Fitzsimons Lane.
* Council Quarry opens.
1962 New bridge built over the Yarra at Banksia Street.
* Major bushfire burns through Warrandyte.
1963 Council estimates that approximately 100 miles o f private streets require construction and drainage.
1963-64 Park Orchards Infant Welfare and Pre-school Centre established.
* Doncaster Elderly Citizens Club formed.
1964 City o f Doncaster and Templestowe takes over management o f Athenaeum Hall.
Planning Officer appointed to serve City o f Doncaster and Templestowe.
Additions made to the City o f Doncaster and Templestowe municipal offices.
1965-65 Yarra Valley Municipal Emergency Organisation formed to formalise assistance between the area’s municipalities in time o f emergency.
1965 Templestowe Brickworks closes down.
* East Doncaster Cricket Club moves to new home at Zerbes Reserve.
* Park Orchards community purchases Domeneys Reserve.
Another major bushfire threatens Warrandyte community but co-operation between CFA units averts great personal and property losses.
* First district library built at Montgomery Street, Doncaster East.
1966 Orchard surrounding Friedensruh purchased by Shire o f Doncaster and Templestowe, to become part o f eastern section o f the Municipal Gardens (now Ruffey Lake Park) from Church Road to Victoria Street.
* John and Sunday Reed begin building Heide II.
1967 Doncaster—Templestowe Historical Society is founded.
* Shire o f Doncaster and Templestowe officially proclaimed City o f Doncaster and Templestowe.
* Veneto Social Club founded in Bulleen.
* M. J. McKenzie Library opened in Doncaster East.
Doncaster and Templestowe Council’s planning scheme adopted and Notice o f Approval published in Government Gazette, No. 12, on 13 February
1968.
1968 New building for the Catholic Church’s St Kevins erected in Herlihy’s Road, Templestowe.
* Doncaster—Templestowe Conservation Society holds first meeting in Warrandyte.
1968- 69 Jewish Centre opened.
1969 Doncaster Shoppingtown officially opened.
* Veneto Social Club purchases land on Bulleen river flats.
* Doncaster-Templestowe Art Group (later Doncaster-Templestowe Artists’ Society) formed.
1969- 70 Bulleen Village Shopping Centre opened.
* Doncaster Swimming Pool opened.
1970s
1970s Vista Valley Pre-school Centre opens in Bulleen.
Doncaster-Templestowe Art Group holds first exhibition in Memorial Hall, Templestowe.
1971 Re-alignment of Doncaster Road causes removal o f Schramm’s Cottage to its present site at Waldau.
* Extension to Holy Trinity Church o f England consecrated by Archbishop Frank Woods.
* M M BW takes over Warrandyte Water Works Trust Pty Ltd.
1971-72 MFB build premises in Templestowe, opened 9 December 1971, and acquire area’s first fire truck.
* City now has twenty kindergartens, most combined with Infant Welfare Centres.
* Foundation stone laid at Jewish Synagogue.
Church of England’s extensions consecrated by Archbishop Knox of St Clement’s Catholic Church at Bulleen. Building seats 750, but an estimated 2,000 attend.
1972 Templestowe Bowling Club opens.
* Opening o f multi-purpose pavilion, Rieschiecks Reserve.
1973 Veneto Social Club building in Bulleen officially opened.
1974 Christ Church building in Foote Street replaced by St Mark’s in Lower Templestowe. Old building sold to City o f Doncaster and Templestowe to be used as community arts centre.
* Bulleen Shopping Centre (later named Bulleen Plaza) built in Manningham Road.
* Sheahans Road Sport Reserve, in Bulleen, opened.
1976 Warrandyte Historical Society formed.
The carefully reconstructed Schramm’s Cottage officially opened.
1977 Banksia Street Bridge duplicated.
1977-78 First Wurundjeri Festival and Parade held.
1979-80 Appointment o f first Chief Executive Officer.
* Australian Cricket Team visit the city.
1980s
1980 State Government buys Heide.
c. 1981 Houses featuring organic expressionism by Gregory Burgess built at 42 & 58 Berrima Road, Donvale.
1981 Heide Art Gallery opens to the public.
1982 Postmodernist house design by Robinson Chen architects and builders apparent at 37-39 & 41-43 Curry Road, Park Orchards.
1982-83 The city is one of the first to adopt a corporate plan looking beyond a fiscal year to include and budget for long-term capital-works programs required by a rapidly growing community.
* Foundation stone laid for Doncaster and Templestowe Nursing Home.
1983 Bus service for Park Orchards obtained thanks to efforts o f students from Norwood High School assisted by Park Orchards Rate-Payers Association.
1984 Highly influential house, needing no mechanical heating or cooling, designed by Alan and Beth Coldicutt and built in Brysons Road, Warranwood.
1984-85 First joint Catholic-Protestant school in Victoria, Serpell Primary Charles Borommeo, is opened.
* Park Orchards BMX track opened.
* Bulleen Library Service opens at Bulleen Shopping Centre.
* The city’s coat o f arms is presented by the Governor o f Victoria, Sir Brian Murray.
1985 Nearly 6,000 lots are connected to the underground electric supply system.
After partial destruction by fire, sections o f historic Warrandyte Post Office rebuilt between 1985 and 1988.
1986-87 South Warrandyte Fire Station built by voluntary labour o f CFA members.
* The Pines Shopping Centre opens.
* Aged persons accommodation opens in Warrandyte.
* Ted Ajani Reserve so named in honour o f former Councillor and Mayor.
* Council makes commitment to support an initiative o f Mayoress Sheila Denford, to promote establishment o f palliative care service.
1987 Official reopening in January (after over three years’ closure) o f municipal
pool waterslide.
* Last meeting of Templestowe Hillclimb. Tracks used for Hillclimb to north
o f the Mullum Mullum Creek still evident today.
1987-88 Doncaster Playhouse, in historic Doncaster Primary School building, officially opened.
* Doncaster and Templestowe Artists’ Society premises in old Shire Hall officially opened.
1988 Reconstructionist extension by John Wardle added to house at 9 Dundas Court, Doncaster East.
1990s
1990s School closures, amalgamations and site redevelopments occur.
1990 Archaeological survey o f City o f Doncaster and Templestowe undertaken, with aims o f locating, documenting and interpreting Aboriginal sites, assessing their significance, and identifying areas o f high archaeological sensitivity, in order to formulate recommendations for their protection and management.
1992 Doncaster Shoppingtown extensively remodelled.
1994 Amalgamation o f Council-operated electricity suppliers with the three SECV-controlled companies.
* Local government amalgamations.
1996 Population o f Manningham at 103,759.
1997 Third stage o f Eastern Freeway to Springvale Road opened.
* Councillors replace Manningham City Council Commissioners.
* Expressionist house by Ivan Rijavec built at 9 Glendarragh Road,
Templestowe.
1998 Major changes to child-care regulation cause BaTCH occasional child-care centre to close.
1999 Work on remodelling municipal offices begins.
* Walk in My Shoes project for the International Year of Older Persons

Source: Barbara Pertzel & Fiona Walters, Manningham: from country to city, Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2001. Manningham Council granted permission to reproduce the book contents in full on this website in May2023. The book is no longer available for sale, but hard copies of the original are available for viewing at DTHS Museum as well as Manningham library and many other libraries.

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Manningham : from country to city - Pertzel & Walters 2001 (Pt10 Timeline)

Timeline 1830s-1990s

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