World War Two Rationing

 In June, we had Anne Miller back to remind us of the rationing most of us experienced in World War Two. 

To ensure an equitable distribution of essential items, foodstuff and clothing to all people the Commonwealth Government set up a system of rationing, during the War, beginning in 194 2. As most the thrust was on the war effort many items were in short supply, so a Rationing Commission was instituted in each state of Australia. Coupons in small booklets for one year were provided for each person. The shops cut out the appropriate number of coupons, these were sent to suppliers and then on to the growers or producers. 

The first commodity addressed was clothing on 15/6/1942. 112 coupons were provided for each person. Samples of basic items were 6 coupons for industrial a man's three-piece suit used 38 coupons, socks were 4 coupons, and a lady's outfit of frock, gloves, hat, and shoes was 60 coupons. 

Expectant mothers received a special allocation. Variations were introduced later. 

Food rationing was introduced gradually from July 1942. Malaya had fallen into enemy hands and it was difficult to obtain tea from India and Ceylon so a rationing quota of 1 oz per week was begun or 1/2 pound for 5 weeks. This rationing was in place until 1950. 

Sugar rationing began in September 1942. Greater amounts were allowed during the summer season for jam making and fruit preserving. 

Butter was also rationed from 1943. Most of Australia's and New Zealand's butter was sent to Britain as essential supplies. Australians received coupons for 1 lb per person per week. This was later reduced to 6 ozs per week. 

Rationing of meat caused much controversy. The trade was hostile to the rationing of meat products. Mutton was popular and people made do with rabbits, canned meat and offal. 

Feeding of dogs was difficult and a problem with feeding their lions was experienced by zoo and circuses, due to the lack of meat on the market. 

Transport was greatly affected by the scarcity and the rationing of petrol. Many taxis were forced off the road, and some people put their cars on blocks in garages for the duration of the war. 

People reverted to horse drawn vehicles, the Melbourne "Herald" in particular used these for their deliveries. Gas producers, although dirty and dangerous, were mounted on the rear of many cars, to help alleviate the shortage of petrol problem. 

A black market in silk stockings, liquor, coupons and other goods flourished everywhere. 

People became used to queuing for almost everything they bought. 

However, these privations brought out the best in many people. Australians, always noted for their innovative nature, came up with ingenious ways to make the most what they had. 

Weekly magazines were full of hints of how to make cakes with no butter and no sugar. Meatless meals were tried and clothing was unpicked and remade with scraps of fabric and little touches to make a fashion statement. Brides used pieces of silk parachutes for wedding gowns, and many curtains were sacrificed to make bridesmaids' dresses, for the big event. 

Even long after the war had ended, rationing continued, some items until the 1950's. It had been a difficult time, but the people had survived, and had the satisfaction of knowing that many of our products had been sent to Europe to assist people who suffered far greater hardships than we in Australia.

Source: 2011-12 DTHS Newsletter